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Volume 48S Number 2

Volume 48S Number 2

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Evaluation of the effectiveness of a complex method of treatment in children and adolescents with pathologies of the
temporomandibular system

Akbar Akhadovich Saidov^a*

 
ABSTRACT:      The study of candidate genes is currently mainly focused on genes that regulate bone metabolisms, such as cytokines and growth factors, matrix proteins, and calciotropic hormones. It has also been proved that matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) play a special role in the development and maintenance of chronic inflammation - these are Zn2+ and Ca2+-dependent endopeptidases – enzymes of catabolism of most extracellular matrix proteins at various stages of the inflammatory process. MMP, along with other extracellular proteinases, are capable of carrying out such processes as coagulation, the realization of an immune response, and hysiological restructuring of tissues, and they are secreted from neutrophils, fibroblasts, epithelial cells, macrophages, smooth muscle cells of endothelial vessels and osteoblasts. To select the studied group of patients, a clinical and dental examination was conducted among 300 children and boys (130 boys (43.33%) and 170 girls (56.66)), 145 of them with TMJ pathologies (the main group - MG) and 155 examined absolutely without TMJ pathologies (the control group – CG)students of secondary schools and colleges that were registered at the dispensary and applied for treatment by a dentist specialist at the Department of Orthopedic Dentistry of Bukhara and the regional children's and adult dental polyclinic of Bukhara. The prevalence of dental anomalies and deformities in children was 57.5%, of which 36.4% were malocclusion. As a result of dental anomalies and deformities in 16.1% of cases, the occurrence of TMJ dysfunction in children was revealed. The possibility of assessing the development of normal or pathological processes in children using anthropometric measurements of the face was revealed. With pathologies of the temporomandibular joint caused by anomalies and deformations of the dentition system, the highest rate of increase in the physiological height of the face was found in boys and girls aged 14-18 years, the lowest rate - at the age of 6-9 years.

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Received 12 Aug 2022, Accepted 6 Nov 2022